A cataract is a clouding of the natural lens inside the eye, causing vision to become blurred, hazy or less clear. Cataracts usually develop gradually with age, but can also occur due to injury, certain medical conditions or medications. When cataracts begin to interfere with everyday activities, cataract surgery can replace the cloudy lens with a clear artificial lens to restore vision.

Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that can damage the optic nerve, often in association with an intraocular pressure that is too high for the individual eye. This can cause progressive loss of peripheral vision and, if left untreated, may eventually lead to significant vision loss or “tunnel vision”. Glaucoma can develop gradually without noticeable symptoms, making regular eye examinations important for early detection and treatment.

We diagnose and manage a wide range of common and complex eye conditions affecting people of all ages. These may include dry eye, eye infections, allergies, eyelid conditions, floaters and flashes, cataracts, glaucoma, retinal conditions, diabetic eye disease and macular degeneration. Early assessment and appropriate treatment can help protect your vision and maintain long-term eye health.

Macular degeneration (more accurately called age-related macular degeneration, or AMD) is an eye disease that damages the macula, the small central part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed, straight-ahead vision. It does not usually cause complete blindness, but it can make activities like reading, driving, recognizing faces, and seeing fine details much more difficult.

A retinal detachment occurs when the retina separates from the back of the eye. It is a serious eye condition that can cause permanent vision loss if not treated promptly. Warning signs include a sudden increase in floaters, flashes of light, or a dark curtain or shadow across your vision. Retinal detachment requires urgent assessment and treatment by an eye specialist.

A pterygium is a fleshy tissue growth that occurs in the conjunctiva (the transparent tissue that covers the white part of the eye). Pterygia usually develop on the nasal side and grow towards the pupil. These benign growths (also known as “surfer’s eye”) are often caused by over-exposure to UV light and irritants such as wind and dust. There is also a genetic predisposition to developing it.

Red eye is a general term for an eye that looks red because the small blood vessels on the surface of the eye have become enlarged or irritated.

Pink eye usually refers specifically to conjunctivitis—inflammation of the thin membrane covering the white of the eye and inside of the eyelids.

A chalazion or stye usually means you have both a blocked oil gland (chalazion) and an acute inflamed/infected eyelid gland (stye/hordeolum), sometimes at the same time or with one developing after the other.

Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes that damages the blood vessels of the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. It may cause no symptoms in its early stages, but can progress to blurred or reduced vision and, in severe cases, vision loss. Regular diabetic eye examinations are important for detecting changes early. Treatment may include improving blood sugar and blood pressure control, injections, laser treatment, or surgery depending on the severity.

Floaters are small spots, lines or cobweb-like shapes that move across your vision. Flashes are brief flashes or streaks of light, often seen at the edge of your vision. They are commonly caused by natural changes in the vitreous gel inside the eye, but sudden new floaters or flashes can sometimes indicate a retinal tear or detachment and should be assessed urgently.

Strabismus, commonly known as a squint, occurs when the eyes are not properly aligned and do not look in the same direction at the same time. It can affect children and adults and may cause double vision, reduced vision in one eye, or difficulty with depth perception. Treatment depends on the cause and may include glasses, exercises, prisms, or surgery. Early assessment is particularly important in children to support normal visual development.

Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is an eye condition that can affect babies born prematurely. Abnormal blood vessel development in the retina can lead to scarring or retinal detachment and, in severe cases, permanent vision loss. Regular screening is essential for babies at risk, as early detection and treatment can significantly improve outcomes. Treatment may include laser therapy or injections, depending on the severity.